Boat.



PATENTED MAR. 31. 1908.

A. H. FRIEDBL.

I BOAT. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.16, 1905. RENEWED FEB. 11, NM.

'2 SHEETS SHEET 1.

PATENTED MAR. 31, 1908.

A. H. FRIEDEL.

. BOAT.

APPLICATION mum SEPT. 16, 1905. mmnwnn mm. 11. 1008.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ALBERT HUGO FRIEDEL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

BOAT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 31, 1908.

Application filed September 16, 1905, Serial No. 278,812. RenewedFebruary 11, 1908. Serial No. 415,371.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT HUGO FRIE- DEL, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boats, ofwhich the following is a specification.

For a full description of the invention and the merits thereof and alsoto acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means foreffecting the result, reference is to be had to the followingdescription and accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a boat embodying the essential featuresof the inven tion. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view. Fig. 3 is a partialside elevation showing a modified construction of the receivers at thebow of the vessel. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the steeringblades or wings and the operative connections whereby the same areactuated. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the boat. Fig. 6 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 5, embodying a modified form of air passages on theunder side of the hull.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the samereference characters.

This invention resides in novel improvements in boat or vesselconstruction and the invention comprises essentially peculiar numeral 1designates the hull of the vessel,

which in the drawing is illustrated as a steamship, and it will beunderstood that the size of the boat is immaterial and may be variedaccording to the desire of the manufacturer and the service for whichthe vessel may be designed. Arranged at the fore part of the vessel maybe located the pilot house 2, in which is located the mechanism foropsingle blade.

crating the steering apparatus. The vessel termined by the size of theboat and the speed desired to be attained. The propellers 4 and 5 willbe driven by the usual propeller shafts leading from a suitable motor ormotors in the hull 1, the main propeller 4 preferably having two blades,while each of the side propellers preferably consists of a It isdesigned that the blades of the propellers 4 and 5 shall be of specialconstruction to produce a maximum-amount of speed, each of said bladeshaving its outer end curved as shown at 6, such construction causing thepropellers to gain a greater urchase against the water in a manner w ichwill be evident. It is contemplated that the several propellers 4 and 5may be driven in reverse directions by reverse engines in the customaryway.

The steering mechanism for the boat involves the provision of blades orwin s 7 which are arranged upon 0 posite sides of the hull of thevessel, two 0 said wings being preferably provided, though the numberthereof may be varied. Each of the wings 7 is arran ed near the stern ofthe vessel and is pivotal y connected with the hull at its front end, asshown at 8 Operatingmechanism located in the pilot house 2 is connectedwith said wings 7 so as to cause the wings to move inwardly andoutwardly with respect to the hull, said wings corresponding to fins inassisting in directing the course of the boat. The operating mechanismfor the wings or blades 7 preferably consists of operating ropes 8,which are connected at one end with the rear end of each of the bladesor wings 7, the opposite end of each rope 8 passing through the hull ofthe vessel and extending to the pilot house 2. The ropes 8 will passabout pulleys 9 or the like and handles 10 are connected with the endsof the ropes 8 terminating in the pilot house 2. The handles 10 may begrasped by the ilot or steersman who is stationed in the pi ot house,and by pulling upon said handles 10, either of the wings 7 may beactuated as desired to effect movement thereof toward and from the hull1 and cause the same to act as fins. When one of the wings is pulledoutwardly, the same will act as a rudder and will cause the vessel toturn in one direction, the operation of the other wing being exactly thesame. The Wings 7 are not only designed as steering mechanism, but saidwings are adapted to be used as a brake to retard the movement of thevessel through the water. In this instance an operating lever 11 in ornear the pilot house 2, is connected by ropes 12 with the operatingropes 8, and this lever may be actuated by the pilot or steersman topull upon the ropes 8 and simultaneously force the wings 7 outwardlyfrom the hull 1. The wings 7 will offer a great resistance to the wateras the vessel moves and by so doing will retard the progress of thevessel in such a way as to quickly stop the same should this be desired.It is of course contemplated that any suitable power mechanism may beoperably connected with the blades or wings 7 to actuate the same. arealso utilized to assist in steering the vessel, said propellers being ofarticular advantage in turning the vesse or directing its course wherethe expanse of water in which the vessel is located is not sufficientlylarge to permit much forward or sternward movement of the ship. Thesteering propellers are indicated at 13 and are arranged at the frontand rear extremities of the hull, being driven by suitable connectionwith the en gines of the ship. The propellers 18 may be operated inreverse directions, when the ship is stationary and the vessel will turnas if on a pivot in a manner readily apparent. Further, the propellers13 may be operated in the same direction, and in this instance thevessel may be gradually moved sidewise in the water, the advantages ofthis being obvious to those versed in the art to which the invention apertains.

Anot er very im ortant feature of the invention is includec in theprovision at the forward end of the hull l, of air receivers 14, thesereceivers being nearly entirely submerged and arranged upon oppositesides of the hull exterior thereof when the vessel is afloat. Thereceivers 14 have the front ends of the same projecting above the levelof the water so that as the vessel moves forwardly, air will be causedto enter the front ends of the receivers and force downwardly beneaththe hull and along the bottom of the latter. The receivers 14 arearranged diagonally, somewhat, of the sides of the hull and in order forthe air to have egress from the receivers after once entering the same,said air must pass from the rear extremities ofthe receivers and will becaused to travel along the hull in longitudinal passages 15 formed, asshown in Fi 5, by corrugations on the bottom of said hull. The air whencaused to take the course above described, increases the buoyancy of thevessel and more important yet, reduces Steering propellers the frictionbetween the water and the bottom of the hull to such an extent as togive rise to material advantages which have been before premised upon inthis description.

7 Fig. 3 shows a modified form of the invention in which the receivers14 are adjustable and may be raised or lowered to vary the amount of airpassing beneath the hull as deemed necessary and desirable under actualconditions of service. A suitable Windlass 16 is connected with thereceivers 1 1 in this construction, and the front end portions of thereceivers may be raise and lowered to the extent desired.

Fig. 6 illustrates a modification of the invention in which the passa es15 on the bottom of the hull, instead of being formed .by corrugations,are formed by a plurality of spaced plates 17 attached to the bottom ofthe hull so as to afford the same function as the corrugatedconstruction hereinb described.

It will be noted that the exhaust pipes which lead from the engineextend through the hull at the bottom thereof, as indicated at 18, andthe exhaust of the engines is thus utilized to discharge against thewater and assist in propelling the vessel. The discharged gas, steam, orother medium passing from the exhaust pipes 18, will pass along thebottom of the hull through the passages 15 or those formed by the plates17, in the modification in Fig. 6.

It is contemplated that various modifications may be made in the detailsof construction set forth hereinbefore within the broad spirit of thisinvention.

The exhaust pipes 18 may also be connected up with suitable pumpingmechanism whereby air may be pumped through the said pipes down beneaththe hull of the vessel, and accomplish the same result as describedabove with reference to the exhaust. The forward propellers 5 arearranged so as to drive the foam at the bow of the vessel, (caused bythe movement thereof,) beneath the hull. The rear end portion of each ofthe receivers 14 terminates in a fin-like portion which forms a finkeel, virtually, with reference to its functions and it may be madeadjustable as found desirable.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In combination, a boat or vessel having the bottom of the hullthereof provided with longitudinal passages, air receivers arranged thebottom of the hull thereof provided with longitudinal passages,receivers arranged at one end of the vessel exterior of the hull, eachreceiver being partially submerged and adapted to cause air to travel tothe passages upon the bottom of the hull, and means for raising andlowering the receivers to submerge the same to a greater or less extentand thereby regulate the quantity of air conducted by the receivers tothe passages on the bottom of the hull.

3. In combination, a boat or vessel provided upon the bottom of the hullthereof with passages, and adjustably mounted air receivers carried bythe hull at one end and adapted to conduct air to the passages beneaththe hull for the purpose specified.

4. In combination, a boat or vessel having the bottom thereof providedwith longitudinal passages, air receivers arranged at one end of thehull exterior thereof and inclining upwardly in their length, saidreceivers being arranged so as to be partially submerged when the vesselis afloat, and hoisting mechanism connected with the receivers to raiseand lower the same to regulate the quantity of air which will beconducted by said receivers to the passages beneath the hull.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT HUGO FRIEDEL.

